Global climate change has the potential to shift the roles and prevalence of mutualisms, including the positive interactions between plants and microorganisms. A combination of field surveys and ...

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Tropical climate variability, including the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole and Atlantic Niño/Niña variability, has long governed global interannual climate fluctuations.

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Dianne Plummer is an Energy Consultant and Certified Energy Manager. Climate change as defined by the United Nations refers to ...

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What is the range of natural variability in climate? Climate is continually varying on time scales ranging from seasons to the lifetime of Earth. Natural climate changes can take place on short time ...

“Solutions to the climate crisis are within reach, but in order to capture them, we must take urgent action today across ...

Climate variability and extremes are associated with more prolonged conflict through food price spikes, food and water insecurity, loss of income and loss of livelihoods (high confidence) ...

Major food commodities like corn, cocoa, palm oil, wheat, rice, soybeans and sugar have varying levels of vulnerability to ...

Around the world, ocean warming is causing fish to move polewards in search of cooler water. But what if you’re a tiny prawn, barramundi or rare sawfish in a northern Australian gulf and your exit ...